This systematic review aims to explore the association between birth weight and the risk of developing breast cancer later in life. We conducted a comprehensive search of relevant studies published up to August 2024 across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were included if they examined the relationship between birth weight and breast cancer risk, provided clear measurements of birth weight, and presented relative risks, odds ratios, or hazard ratios with corresponding confidence intervals. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. A total of 25 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing diverse populations and study designs. The findings indicate a potential correlation between higher birth weights and an increased risk of breast cancer in adulthood. The pooled analysis suggested a modest but statistically significant association, with a higher birth weight being linked to a 15% increased risk of breast cancer (RR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05-1.26). Subgroup analyses highlighted variations in risk based on menopausal status, with premenopausal women exhibiting a stronger association compared to postmenopausal women. This systematic review suggests that higher birth weight may be associated with an elevated risk of breast cancer. These findings underscore the importance of considering early life factors in the etiology of breast cancer. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to explore potential preventive strategies targeting this risk factor.

Joint Hypermobility (JH) and Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (JHS) are conditions characterized by increased flexibility of the joints, which can lead to musculoskeletal complications. This study aims to explore the prevalence and impact of JH and JHS in Iraqi patients with asthma, a population in which the interplay between these conditions remains under-investigated.

We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 200 asthmatic patients attending the respiratory clinics of major hospitals in Iraq. Participants were assessed for JH using the Beighton score, and those meeting the criteria were further evaluated for JHS based on the Brighton criteria. Data on demographic variables, asthma severity, and comorbidities were collected and analyzed.

Our findings indicate that 32% of the patients exhibited JH, while 18% met the criteria for JHS. Notably, patients with JHS reported higher asthma severity and a greater frequency of asthma exacerbations compared to those without hypermobility. These results suggest a significant association between JHS and asthma severity in this population. This study highlights the need for heightened awareness and screening for JH and JHS in asthmatic patients to better manage and potentially mitigate the impact of these conditions. Further research is recommended to explore the underlying mechanisms linking JHS and asthma and to develop targeted interventions for affected patients.

Acute commissural intestinal obstruction aggravated by peritonitis has been proved to be quite common and severe disease which requires urgent operations; death rate of this disease averages 10,2 – 56,9 %.  Taking into consideration these facts the aim of this work is to decrease risk factors of disease’s recurrence, to improve the level of prophylaxis of commissural intestinal obstruction aggravated by peritonitis using modern therapeutic methods. Clinical evaluation of 81 patients with commissural intestinal obstruction aggravated by peritonitis (OIOAP) who have been treated in our department for the last 8 years has been carried out in this investigation. On the base of sufficient clinical material, the following conclusions have been made: treatment by the means of endovideolaparoscopic method gives the opportunity not only to eliminate the cause of the development of commissural intestinal obstruction aggravated by peritonitis; it proved to be effective method of prevention of commissural disease after surgical operation; besides, this method completely meets the requirements of esthetic and cosmetic surgery. Actually this method prevents the recurrence of commissure formation, it is very important for patients with the tendency to commissure formation.

Transfemoral amputation of a limb performed by a patient with obliterating atherosclerosis with irreversible ischemia is a difficult, traumatic operation and is accompanied by high mortality.  High mortality after amputation of a limb at the hip level is associated with the severity of the general condition of patients and complications of the postoperative period. As our studies have shown, the most common complication after limb amputation is an infection of the femoral stump wound, its development is directly related to metabolic disorders in patients, a decrease in the immune status, ischemia of the stump tissues and foci of secondary infection.  The clinical picture of infection of the femoral stump wound is variable. It depends, first, on the patient's general condition, the process's spread, the trophism of the stump tissues, and the nature of the microflora. Improving the treatment results of patients who have undergone limb amputation is possible by performing all the necessary preventive measures regarding ischemia and stump infection in the prescribed volume and the development of infectious complications, as well as treatment by the requirements of modern purulent surgery.