Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating condition characterized by disproportionate pain, autonomic dysfunction, and trophic changes that typically develops after limb trauma. Emerging research highlights neurogenic inflammation, central sensitization, and autoimmune mechanisms as key contributors [1]. Despite advances in understanding, CRPS remains frequently misdiagnosed due to its complex presentation and overlap with other pain disorders [2]. Early multidisciplinary intervention has been shown to improve functional outcomes, yet significant treatment gaps persist [3]. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on CRPS pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and evidence-based management strategies, with particular emphasis on recent advances in immunomodulatory therapies and neuromodulation techniques.

Complex regional pain syndrome, CRPS treatment guidelines, neuropathic pain management

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